vulkan: Optimize contiguous copies (#10254)

* tests: Fix memory bandwidth calculation for perf tests

Add a flops calculation for flash attention.

Add one GGML_OP_CPY perf test.

* vulkan: Optimize contiguous copies

Add a variant of the copy shader for when the tensors are contiguous. Avoid
the complex addressing calculations, and do four elements per invocation
to hide some other overhead.

Apply similar changes to the scale shader, since scale is always contiguous.

Add a "progress bar" for shader compiles.

ggml/src/ggml-vulkan.cpp

@@ -196,6 +196,7 @@ struct vk_device_struct {
     vk_pipeline pipeline_pad_f32;
     vk_pipeline pipeline_repeat_f32;
     vk_pipeline pipeline_cpy_f32_f32, pipeline_cpy_f32_f16, pipeline_cpy_f16_f16;
+    vk_pipeline pipeline_contig_cpy_f32_f32, pipeline_contig_cpy_f32_f16, pipeline_contig_cpy_f16_f16;
     vk_pipeline pipeline_norm_f32;
     vk_pipeline pipeline_group_norm_f32;
     vk_pipeline pipeline_rms_norm_f32;
@@ -722,6 +723,12 @@ static void ggml_vk_create_pipeline_func(vk_device& device, vk_pipeline& pipelin
         std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(compile_count_mutex);
         assert(compile_count > 0);
         compile_count--;
+
+        // "Progress bar" for shader compiles
+        static uint32_t total_compile_count = 0;
+        if ((total_compile_count++ % 10) == 0) {
+            std::cerr << ".";
+        }
     }
     compile_count_cond.notify_all();
 }
@@ -1200,6 +1207,8 @@ static void ggml_vk_wait_events(vk_context& ctx, std::vector<vk::Event>&& events
 static void ggml_vk_load_shaders(vk_device& device) {
     VK_LOG_DEBUG("ggml_vk_load_shaders(" << device->name << ")");
 
+    std::cerr << "ggml_vulkan: Compiling shaders";
+
     // mulmat
     std::initializer_list<uint32_t> warptile_l = { 128, 128, 128, 16, device->subgroup_size * 2, 64, 2, 4, 4, device->subgroup_size };
     std::initializer_list<uint32_t> warptile_m = { 128,  64,  64, 16, device->subgroup_size, 32, 2, 4, 2, device->subgroup_size };
@@ -1759,6 +1768,10 @@ static void ggml_vk_load_shaders(vk_device& device) {
     ggml_vk_create_pipeline(device, device->pipeline_cpy_f32_f16, "cpy_f32_f16", cpy_f32_f16_len, cpy_f32_f16_data, "main", 2, sizeof(vk_op_unary_push_constants), {512, 1, 1}, {}, 1);
     ggml_vk_create_pipeline(device, device->pipeline_cpy_f16_f16, "cpy_f16_f16", cpy_f16_f16_len, cpy_f16_f16_data, "main", 2, sizeof(vk_op_unary_push_constants), {512, 1, 1}, {}, 1);
 
+    ggml_vk_create_pipeline(device, device->pipeline_contig_cpy_f32_f32, "contig_cpy_f32_f32", contig_cpy_f32_f32_len, contig_cpy_f32_f32_data, "main", 2, sizeof(vk_op_unary_push_constants), {512, 1, 1}, {}, 1);
+    ggml_vk_create_pipeline(device, device->pipeline_contig_cpy_f32_f16, "contig_cpy_f32_f16", contig_cpy_f32_f16_len, contig_cpy_f32_f16_data, "main", 2, sizeof(vk_op_unary_push_constants), {512, 1, 1}, {}, 1);
+    ggml_vk_create_pipeline(device, device->pipeline_contig_cpy_f16_f16, "contig_cpy_f16_f16", contig_cpy_f16_f16_len, contig_cpy_f16_f16_data, "main", 2, sizeof(vk_op_unary_push_constants), {512, 1, 1}, {}, 1);
+
     ggml_vk_create_pipeline(device, device->pipeline_add_f32, "add_f32", add_f32_len, add_f32_data, "main", 3, sizeof(vk_op_binary_push_constants), {512, 1, 1}, {}, 1);
     ggml_vk_create_pipeline(device, device->pipeline_add_f16_f32_f16, "add_f16_f32_f16", add_f16_f32_f16_len, add_f16_f32_f16_data, "main", 3, sizeof(vk_op_binary_push_constants), {512, 1, 1}, {}, 1);
 
@@ -1817,6 +1830,7 @@ static void ggml_vk_load_shaders(vk_device& device) {
     for (auto &c : compiles) {
         c.wait();
     }
+    std::cerr << "Done!" << std::endl;
 }
 
 static vk_device ggml_vk_get_device(size_t idx) {
@@ -3061,18 +3075,34 @@ static bool ggml_vk_dim01_contiguous(const ggml_tensor * tensor) {
         tensor->nb[3] == tensor->nb[2]*tensor->ne[2];
 }
 
-static vk_pipeline ggml_vk_get_cpy_pipeline(ggml_backend_vk_context * ctx, ggml_type from, ggml_type to) {
-    if (from == GGML_TYPE_F32 && to == GGML_TYPE_F32) {
-        return ctx->device->pipeline_cpy_f32_f32;
+static vk_pipeline ggml_vk_get_cpy_pipeline(ggml_backend_vk_context * ctx, const ggml_tensor * src, const ggml_tensor * dst, ggml_type to) {
+
+    // Choose "contiguous copy" shader if src/dst are contiguous
+    bool contig = ggml_is_contiguous(src) && (!dst || ggml_is_contiguous(dst));
+
+    if (src->type == GGML_TYPE_F32 && to == GGML_TYPE_F32) {
+        if (contig) {
+            return ctx->device->pipeline_contig_cpy_f32_f32;
+        } else {
+            return ctx->device->pipeline_cpy_f32_f32;
+        }
     }
-    if (from == GGML_TYPE_F32 && to == GGML_TYPE_F16) {
-        return ctx->device->pipeline_cpy_f32_f16;
+    if (src->type == GGML_TYPE_F32 && to == GGML_TYPE_F16) {
+        if (contig) {
+            return ctx->device->pipeline_contig_cpy_f32_f16;
+        } else {
+            return ctx->device->pipeline_cpy_f32_f16;
+        }
     }
-    if (from == GGML_TYPE_F16 && to == GGML_TYPE_F16) {
-        return ctx->device->pipeline_cpy_f16_f16;
+    if (src->type == GGML_TYPE_F16 && to == GGML_TYPE_F16) {
+        if (contig) {
+            return ctx->device->pipeline_contig_cpy_f16_f16;
+        } else {
+            return ctx->device->pipeline_cpy_f16_f16;
+        }
     }
 
-    std::cerr << "Missing CPY op for types: " << ggml_type_name(from) << " " << ggml_type_name(to) << std::endl;
+    std::cerr << "Missing CPY op for types: " << ggml_type_name(src->type) << " " << ggml_type_name(to) << std::endl;
     GGML_ABORT("fatal error");
 }
 
@@ -3082,6 +3112,15 @@ static void ggml_vk_cpy_to_contiguous(ggml_backend_vk_context * ctx, vk_context&
     const int tensor_type_size = ggml_type_size(tensor->type);
 
     const uint32_t ne = ggml_nelements(tensor);
+    std::array<uint32_t, 3> elements;
+
+    if (ne > 262144) {
+        elements = { 512, 512, CEIL_DIV(ne, 262144) };
+    } else if (ne > 512) {
+        elements = { 512, CEIL_DIV(ne, 512), 1 };
+    } else {
+        elements = { ne, 1, 1 };
+    }
 
     const vk_op_unary_push_constants pc = {
         (uint32_t)ne,
@@ -3091,7 +3130,7 @@ static void ggml_vk_cpy_to_contiguous(ggml_backend_vk_context * ctx, vk_context&
         0.0f, 0.0f,
     };
     ggml_vk_sync_buffers(subctx);
-    ggml_vk_dispatch_pipeline(ctx, subctx, pipeline, { in, out }, sizeof(vk_op_unary_push_constants), &pc, { ne, 1, 1 });
+    ggml_vk_dispatch_pipeline(ctx, subctx, pipeline, { in, out }, sizeof(vk_op_unary_push_constants), &pc, elements);
 }
 
 static void ggml_vk_mul_mat_q_f16(ggml_backend_vk_context * ctx, vk_context& subctx, const ggml_tensor * src0, const ggml_tensor * src1, ggml_tensor * dst, bool dryrun = false) {
@@ -3176,12 +3215,12 @@ static void ggml_vk_mul_mat_q_f16(ggml_backend_vk_context * ctx, vk_context& sub
     vk_pipeline to_fp16_vk_1 = nullptr;
 
     if (x_non_contig) {
-        to_fp16_vk_0 = ggml_vk_get_cpy_pipeline(ctx, src0->type, GGML_TYPE_F16);
+        to_fp16_vk_0 = ggml_vk_get_cpy_pipeline(ctx, src0, nullptr, GGML_TYPE_F16);
     } else {
         to_fp16_vk_0 = ggml_vk_get_to_fp16(ctx, src0->type);
     }
     if (y_non_contig) {
-        to_fp16_vk_1 = ggml_vk_get_cpy_pipeline(ctx, src1->type, GGML_TYPE_F16);
+        to_fp16_vk_1 = ggml_vk_get_cpy_pipeline(ctx, src1, nullptr, GGML_TYPE_F16);
     } else {
         to_fp16_vk_1 = ggml_vk_get_to_fp16(ctx, src1->type);
     }
@@ -3361,10 +3400,10 @@ static void ggml_vk_mul_mat_vec_q_f16(ggml_backend_vk_context * ctx, vk_context&
     vk_pipeline to_fp16_vk_0 = nullptr;
     vk_pipeline to_fp16_vk_1 = nullptr;
     if (x_non_contig) {
-        to_fp16_vk_0 = ggml_vk_get_cpy_pipeline(ctx, src0->type, src0->type);
+        to_fp16_vk_0 = ggml_vk_get_cpy_pipeline(ctx, src0, nullptr, src0->type);
     }
     if (y_non_contig) {
-        to_fp16_vk_1 = ggml_vk_get_cpy_pipeline(ctx, src1->type, src1->type);
+        to_fp16_vk_1 = ggml_vk_get_cpy_pipeline(ctx, src1, nullptr, src1->type);
     } else {
         to_fp16_vk_1 = ggml_vk_get_to_fp16(ctx, src1->type);
     }
@@ -3745,12 +3784,12 @@ static void ggml_vk_mul_mat_id_q_f16(ggml_backend_vk_context * ctx, vk_context&
     vk_pipeline to_fp16_vk_1 = nullptr;
 
     if (x_non_contig) {
-        to_fp16_vk_0 = ggml_vk_get_cpy_pipeline(ctx, src0->type, GGML_TYPE_F16);
+        to_fp16_vk_0 = ggml_vk_get_cpy_pipeline(ctx, src0, nullptr, GGML_TYPE_F16);
     } else {
         to_fp16_vk_0 = ggml_vk_get_to_fp16(ctx, src0->type);
     }
     if (y_non_contig) {
-        to_fp16_vk_1 = ggml_vk_get_cpy_pipeline(ctx, src1->type, GGML_TYPE_F16);
+        to_fp16_vk_1 = ggml_vk_get_cpy_pipeline(ctx, src1, nullptr, GGML_TYPE_F16);
     } else {
         to_fp16_vk_1 = ggml_vk_get_to_fp16(ctx, src1->type);
     }
@@ -3938,10 +3977,10 @@ static void ggml_vk_mul_mat_vec_id_q_f16(ggml_backend_vk_context * ctx, vk_conte
     vk_pipeline to_fp16_vk_0 = nullptr;
     vk_pipeline to_fp16_vk_1 = nullptr;
     if (x_non_contig) {
-        to_fp16_vk_0 = ggml_vk_get_cpy_pipeline(ctx, src0->type, src0->type);
+        to_fp16_vk_0 = ggml_vk_get_cpy_pipeline(ctx, src0, nullptr, src0->type);
     }
     if (y_non_contig) {
-        to_fp16_vk_1 = ggml_vk_get_cpy_pipeline(ctx, src1->type, src1->type);
+        to_fp16_vk_1 = ggml_vk_get_cpy_pipeline(ctx, src1, nullptr, src1->type);
     } else {
         to_fp16_vk_1 = ggml_vk_get_to_fp16(ctx, src1->type);
     }
@@ -4148,7 +4187,7 @@ static vk_pipeline ggml_vk_op_get_pipeline(ggml_backend_vk_context * ctx, const
     case GGML_OP_CPY:
     case GGML_OP_CONT:
     case GGML_OP_DUP:
-        return ggml_vk_get_cpy_pipeline(ctx, src0->type, dst->type);
+        return ggml_vk_get_cpy_pipeline(ctx, src0, dst, dst->type);
     case GGML_OP_NORM:
         if (src0->type == GGML_TYPE_F32 && dst->type == GGML_TYPE_F32) {
             return ctx->device->pipeline_norm_f32;
@@ -4281,7 +4320,6 @@ static bool ggml_vk_op_supports_incontiguous(ggml_op op) {
     case GGML_OP_DIV:
     case GGML_OP_CONCAT:
     case GGML_OP_UPSCALE:
-    case GGML_OP_SCALE:
     case GGML_OP_SQR:
     case GGML_OP_SIN:
     case GGML_OP_COS:

ggml/src/vulkan-shaders/clamp.comp

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 #include "types.comp"
 #include "generic_unary_head.comp"
 
+layout(local_size_x = 512, local_size_y = 1, local_size_z = 1) in;
+
 void main() {
     const uint idx = get_idx();
 

ggml/src/vulkan-shaders/contig_copy.comp

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#version 450
+
+#include "types.comp"
+#include "generic_unary_head.comp"
+
+#extension GL_EXT_control_flow_attributes : require
+
+const uint num_threads = 128;
+
+layout(local_size_x = num_threads, local_size_y = 1, local_size_z = 1) in;
+
+void main() {
+    uint idx = get_idx();
+
+    // num_threads * num_iter must equal 512, to match the wg_denoms and get_idx calculation
+    const uint num_iter = 4;
+
+    // fast path for when all four iterations are in-bounds
+    if (idx + (num_iter-1)*num_threads < p.ne) {
+        [[unroll]] for (uint i = 0; i < num_iter; ++i) {
+#ifndef OPTIMIZATION_ERROR_WORKAROUND
+            data_d[p.d_offset + idx] = D_TYPE(data_a[idx]);
+#else
+            data_d[p.d_offset + idx] = data_a[idx];
+#endif
+            idx += num_threads;
+        }
+    } else {
+        [[unroll]] for (uint i = 0; i < num_iter; ++i) {
+            if (idx >= p.ne) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+#ifndef OPTIMIZATION_ERROR_WORKAROUND
+            data_d[p.d_offset + idx] = D_TYPE(data_a[idx]);
+#else
+            data_d[p.d_offset + idx] = data_a[idx];
+#endif
+            idx += num_threads;
+        }
+    }
+}

ggml/src/vulkan-shaders/copy.comp

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 #include "types.comp"
 #include "generic_unary_head.comp"
 
+layout(local_size_x = 512, local_size_y = 1, local_size_z = 1) in;
+
 void main() {
     const uint idx = get_idx();
 

ggml/src/vulkan-shaders/cos.comp

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 #include "types.comp"
 #include "generic_unary_head.comp"
 
+layout(local_size_x = 512, local_size_y = 1, local_size_z = 1) in;
+
 void main() {
     const uint idx = get_idx();
 

ggml/src/vulkan-shaders/generic_unary_head.comp

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #extension GL_EXT_shader_16bit_storage : require
+#extension GL_EXT_control_flow_attributes : require
 
 layout (push_constant) uniform parameter
 {
@@ -9,8 +10,6 @@ layout (push_constant) uniform parameter
     float param1; float param2;
 } p;
 
-layout(local_size_x = 512, local_size_y = 1, local_size_z = 1) in;
-
 layout (binding = 0) readonly buffer A {A_TYPE data_a[];};
 layout (binding = 1) writeonly buffer D {D_TYPE data_d[];};
 

ggml/src/vulkan-shaders/pad.comp

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 #include "types.comp"
 #include "generic_unary_head.comp"
 
+layout(local_size_x = 512, local_size_y = 1, local_size_z = 1) in;
+
 void main() {
     const uint idx = gl_GlobalInvocationID.z * 262144 + gl_GlobalInvocationID.y * 512 + gl_GlobalInvocationID.x;
 

ggml/src/vulkan-shaders/repeat.comp

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 #include "types.comp"
 #include "generic_unary_head.comp"
 
+layout(local_size_x = 512, local_size_y = 1, local_size_z = 1) in;
+
 uint src0_idx_mod(uint idx) {
     const uint i13 = idx / (p.ne12*p.ne11*p.ne10);
     const uint i13_offset = i13 * p.ne12*p.ne11*p.ne10;

ggml/src/vulkan-shaders/scale.comp

@@ -3,12 +3,22 @@
 #include "types.comp"
 #include "generic_unary_head.comp"
 
+const uint num_threads = 128;
+
+layout(local_size_x = num_threads, local_size_y = 1, local_size_z = 1) in;
+
 void main() {
-    const uint idx = get_idx();
+    uint idx = get_idx();
 
-    if (idx >= p.ne) {
-        return;
+    // num_threads * num_iter must equal 512, to match the wg_denoms and get_idx calculation
+    const uint num_iter = 4;
+
+    [[unroll]] for (uint i = 0; i < num_iter; ++i) {
+        if (idx >= p.ne) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        data_d[p.d_offset + idx] = D_TYPE(FLOAT_TYPE(data_a[idx]) * FLOAT_TYPE(p.param1));
+        idx += num_threads;
     }
-
-    data_d[p.d_offset + dst_idx(idx)] = D_TYPE(FLOAT_TYPE(data_a[src0_idx(idx)]) * FLOAT_TYPE(p.param1));
 }

ggml/src/vulkan-shaders/sin.comp

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 #include "types.comp"
 #include "generic_unary_head.comp"
 
+layout(local_size_x = 512, local_size_y = 1, local_size_z = 1) in;
+
 void main() {
     const uint idx = get_idx();
 

ggml/src/vulkan-shaders/square.comp

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 #include "types.comp"
 #include "generic_unary_head.comp"
 
+layout(local_size_x = 512, local_size_y = 1, local_size_z = 1) in;
+
 void main() {
     const uint idx = get_idx();
 

ggml/src/vulkan-shaders/vulkan-shaders-gen.cpp

@@ -350,6 +350,9 @@ void process_shaders() {
     string_to_spv("cpy_f32_f32", "copy.comp", {{"A_TYPE", "float"}, {"D_TYPE", "float"}});
     string_to_spv("cpy_f32_f16", "copy.comp", {{"A_TYPE", "float"}, {"D_TYPE", "float16_t"}});
     string_to_spv("cpy_f16_f16", "copy.comp", {{"A_TYPE", "float16_t"}, {"D_TYPE", "float16_t"}, {"OPTIMIZATION_ERROR_WORKAROUND", "1"}});
+    string_to_spv("contig_cpy_f32_f32", "contig_copy.comp", {{"A_TYPE", "float"}, {"D_TYPE", "float"}});
+    string_to_spv("contig_cpy_f32_f16", "contig_copy.comp", {{"A_TYPE", "float"}, {"D_TYPE", "float16_t"}});
+    string_to_spv("contig_cpy_f16_f16", "contig_copy.comp", {{"A_TYPE", "float16_t"}, {"D_TYPE", "float16_t"}, {"OPTIMIZATION_ERROR_WORKAROUND", "1"}});
 
     string_to_spv("add_f32", "add.comp", {{"A_TYPE", "float"}, {"B_TYPE", "float"}, {"D_TYPE", "float"}, {"FLOAT_TYPE", "float"}});
     string_to_spv("add_f16_f32_f16", "add.comp", {{"A_TYPE", "float16_t"}, {"B_TYPE", "float"}, {"D_TYPE", "float16_t"}, {"FLOAT_TYPE", "float"}});

tests/test-backend-ops.cpp

@@ -681,6 +681,7 @@ struct test_case {
 
         // run
         int64_t total_time_us = 0;
+        int64_t total_mem = 0;
         int total_runs = 0;
         do {
             int64_t start_time = ggml_time_us();
@@ -688,6 +689,7 @@ struct test_case {
             int64_t end_time = ggml_time_us();
 
             total_time_us += end_time - start_time;
+            total_mem += mem;
             total_runs += n_runs;
         } while (total_time_us < 1000*1000); // run for at least 1 second
 
@@ -717,7 +719,7 @@ struct test_case {
         } else {
             printf("%8zu kB/run - \033[1;34m%7.2f GB/s\033[0m",
                 op_size(out) / 1024,
-                mem / (total_time_us / 1e6) / 1024.0 / 1024.0 / 1024.0);
+                total_mem / (total_time_us / 1e6) / 1024.0 / 1024.0 / 1024.0);
         }
         printf("\n");
 
@@ -2740,6 +2742,13 @@ struct test_flash_attn_ext : public test_case {
         return 5e-4;
     }
 
+    uint64_t op_flops(ggml_tensor * t) override {
+        GGML_UNUSED(t);
+        // Just counting matmul costs:
+        // Q*K^T is nb x hs x kv, P*V is nb x kv x hs, per head
+        return 2 * 2 * nh * nb * hs * kv;
+    }
+
     test_flash_attn_ext(int64_t hs = 128, int64_t nh = 32, int64_t kv = 96, int64_t nb = 8,
                         bool mask = true, float max_bias = 0.0f, float logit_softcap = 0.0f, ggml_type type_KV = GGML_TYPE_F16)
         : hs(hs), nh(nh), kv(kv), nb(nb), mask(mask), max_bias(max_bias), logit_softcap(logit_softcap), type_KV(type_KV) {}
@@ -3779,6 +3788,8 @@ static std::vector<std::unique_ptr<test_case>> make_test_cases_perf() {
     test_cases.emplace_back(new test_bin_bcast(ggml_add, GGML_TYPE_F32, {4096, 1, 1, 1}, {1,   1, 1, 1}));
     test_cases.emplace_back(new test_bin_bcast(ggml_add, GGML_TYPE_F32, {4096, 1, 1, 1}, {1, 512, 1, 1}));
 
+    test_cases.emplace_back(new test_cpy(GGML_TYPE_F32, GGML_TYPE_F16, {512, 3072, 1, 1}));
+
     for (int bs : {1, 512}) {
         for (ggml_type type_a : all_types) {
             for (ggml_type type_b : {GGML_TYPE_F32}) {