Cloud-init information

Much extended the original Cloud-init article
    Add full guide for preparing Debian as a template for XCP-ng
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RealStickman 2023-06-15 16:53:21 +02:00
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title: Cloud-Init
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[toc]
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[/shroot]
### AlmaLinux
## Config file
## Cloud-init
Cloud-init has a config file in `/etc/cloud/cloud.cfg`
### Growing partitions
With growroot installed in the initramfs, cloud-init will expand partitions and filesystems to fit the root partition given.
### XCP-ng: Set Hostname
This cloud config snippet sets the machine hostname to the VM name.
```
#cloud-config
hostname: {name}
```
## Network config
The network config is a special config file with cloud-init that focuses on specifying network settings.
### Set Static IP
The snippet below sets a static ip address for the specified interface.
Its syntax mainly follows the `/etc/network/interfaces` syntax.
```
network:
version: 1
config:
- type: physical
name: [INTERFACE]
subnets:
- type: static
address: [ADDRESS]
gateway: [ADDRESS]
dns_nameservers: [ADDRESS]
```

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title: "Debian Create new template"
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This guide focuses on creating a new template for Debian that can be used with XCP-ng.
## VM Creation
Before even starting the installation, a new VM has to be created.
I choose the `Other install media` template and set the Distro name prefixed with "CR".
The usual sizing is 1 vCPU and 1 GiB RAM.
Add a network interface in the most commonly used network.
Add a disk, a size of 10 GiB is a good starting point.
Finally in the advanced settings, change the boot firmware from `bios` to `uefi`
## Installation
Most of the installation can be done as usual, though some parts must be observed.
The root user will get a password. We also create a new non-root user.
For partitioning, choose the manual method.
The following partitions should be created, all of them as primary partitions.
- Type **EFI** _128M_
- Type **Swap** _1G_
- Type **EXT4** _remaining space_
![Partitions overview](partitioning.webp)
Accept the created partitioning
> The reason for this layout is so Cloud-init can automatically grow the root partition when the underlying virtual disk is expanded
Reboot after the installation completes.
## Cloud-init
Install Cloud-init to use its configurations.
On debian the required packages are `cloud-init` and `cloud-initramfs-growroot`
> More information can be found on the [Cloud-init page](/linux/cloud-init).
## Final Configuration
### Networking
Edit `/etc/network/interfaces` and remove the network interface defined there.
Cloud-init will create a new definition under `/etc/network/interfaces.d`
### ISO-file
Unmount and remove the installation ISO-file.
## Conversion
Poweroff the VM and go to its `Advanced` tab.
![XCP-ng Advanced tab](xcp-ng-advanced-tab.webp)
Before clicking `Convert to template`, creating a clone is recommended.

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